Questions tagged [inode]
For question pertaining to the inode (index node), a data structure in a Unix-style file system that describes a file-system object such as a file or a directory. Use this tag for questions about the inode data structure itself or questions about issues arising from querying or managing inodes in the scope of a filesystem.
345 questions
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How to resize ext4 without adding more inodes?
On this filesystem, there are enough inodes already, I only need more filesystem size:
# df -i
Filesystem Inodes IUsed IFree IUse% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/spinning-backup ...
- 219
1
vote
1
answer
83
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Forensics to recover the second-to-last access timestamp of a file on btrfs on HDD
I searched online, to no avail. Is there some way to recover the access timestamp of my file on BTRFS, before the access timestamp which appears currently? Using HDD (not SSD). Please let me know. Is ...
- 123
0
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0
answers
44
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Unexpected network namespace inode when accessing /var/run/netns/ from pod in host network namespace
I'm running a Kubernetes cluster with RKE2 v1.30.5+rke2r1 on Linux nixos 6.6.56 amd64, using Cilium CNI.
Here's the setup:
I have two pods (yaml manifests at the bottom):
Pod A (xfrm-pod) is running ...
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2
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1
answer
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Why does inode usage go from 1% to 100% on a single file creation?
Inode usage go from 1 to 100% on a single file creation in a raid array on Debian.
First, clean boot, then:
sudo cryptsetup luksOpen /dev/RaidVG/LVMVol CVol
sudo mount /dev/mapper/CVol /mnt/raid/
...
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0
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0
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42
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Is there a way to use linux "find" and filter if specific process was the only one accessed it? [duplicate]
I am trying to find out a way to do incremental antivirus scan. My current approach under evaluation is using "find". You can see relevant question here: Is there a reason why I can't ...
- 161
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1
answer
541
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resize2fs: New size results in too many block group descriptors
I want to replace the NVMe drive in an embedded computer that runs Linux. The original drive is a 256 GB gen 3 with 5 partitions. After cloning to a larger drive, partition 5, the data partition, ...
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1
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1
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ext2 How to choose bytes/inode ratio
How approximately calc bytes-per-inode for ext2?
I have 7.3GB storage (15320519 sectors 512B each). I have made ext2 filesystem with block size 4096
mke2fs /dev/sda2 -i 524288 -m 0 -L "SSD" -...
- 313
0
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0
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80
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Copying symlinks as symlinks
I’m attempting to copy a symlink of a file in one directory to another directory.
I need the copy to be a symlink, not a hard link or a broken symlink.
cp -A and cp -P generated broken (flashing) ...
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1
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reconstructing ext4 inode structure after folder deletion
My ext4 partition that had my whatsapp data had its entire folder deleted ( that is file / folder delete - no partition ).
As I understand inodes have the metadata tree for files including their ...
- 133
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Inode of a Directory
Can you show with some picture or illustration what does an inode of a directory in ext4 filesystem?
Especially, how is the list of directory entries (list of filename-inode pairings) stored?.
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2
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Each file gets one inode block
A question was given to us by a lecturer:
How many data blocks are needed to collect all the data in an EXT4
file system using inodes if the file size is 54 KB and there is a
block size of 4KB.
...
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-1
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2
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510
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Is this "stat [option]... inode number..." possible?
Is it possible to use stat for retrieving meta data of File1 by passing File1's inode number as an argument to stat instead of the file name?
stat [option - any doing this?] [inode number of File1]
...
- 213
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0
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126
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Any performance benefits of large inode sizes (ext4)
We have a video editing server split into two partitions. One for video footage and one for projects. On the projects partition there is totally 7TB of data and 250,000 files. Of these, 50,000 of them ...
- 205
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5
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Why can't hard links reference files on other filesystems?
I'm aware that this article exists:
Why are hard links only valid within the same filesystem?
But it unfortunately didn't click with me.
https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/filesystems/ext4/...
- 563
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1
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ZFS Inode Consumption
I have a ZFS pool in raid Z1 that's around 90TB or so which acts as a PLEX server. I currently have ~300GB free. On average, most files are 70-80GB each.
If I copy smaller files, ~10GB, I have no ...
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1
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1k
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open a file by inode number [duplicate]
Is there any way to find exactly the blocks allocated to a inode, and view that file? I don't care if I have to be on a live cd, but i need to do this for example:
cat verylongsentice > a
ls -i a
...
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0
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2
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374
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Why is an open inode system call a security risk?
According to the accepted answer here, it is simply because you would not make the access checks at the directories leading up to that file. For example, with a call to openinode(inode #, flags).
My ...
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4
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Why doesn't read permission on directories reveal inode numbers?
As far as I understand, the "read" permission on directories allows one to list all names under that directory, and no more than that.
Based on common understanding of FS design, if a ...
- 3,678
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1
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318
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What exactly happens in the OneFS (FreeBSD) files system if I move files from one directory to another?
If I do an mv command from the command line in OneFS (Isilon, FreeBSD based), what exactly happens in the background and on the disks?
Will the data be physically moved from sectors to other sectors ...
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1
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699
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Deleting a hard link's tail file changes the change time of the head or vice versa. Why?
Note: Question although says vice versa but it really does not have any meaning since both of them point to the same inode and its not possible to say which is head and which is tail.
Say I have a ...
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4
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5k
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Does Linux support invoking a program directly via its inode number?
I’m asking because string comparisons are slow, but indexing is fast, and a lot of scripts I write are in bash, which to my knowledge performs a full string lookup for every executable call. All those ...
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1
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232
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How to determine which processes are running on outdated packages and needs restarting?
So, I know that it is possible to view or recover deleted files that are currently being used by a process. I've found out that this also applies to packages that were updated. So, let's say we update ...
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1
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149
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How can you list a directory using the inode not the directory name? I have the same directory name appearing twice with different inodes
When I do a directory listing of a python installation the include directory appears twice and each one has a different inode.
╰─○ ls -i1
2282047 bin
2641630 include
2642559 include
2282048 lib
...
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653
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Ext4 "unused inodes" "free inodes" diffrence?
When I use the dumpe2fs command to look at the Block Group of the ext4 filesystem, I see "free inodes" and "unused inodes".
I want to know the difference between them ?
Why do they ...
- 13
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0
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193
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ntfsundelete not reading entire partition
To avoid XY problem, here's the background of the problem I am facing...
I have an external hard drive which should have hundreds of files and suddenly, all of them disappeared (I have no idea why).
I ...
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