For example :
ls /sys/block/
loop0 loop2 loop4 loop6 ram0 ram10 ram12 ram14 ram2 ram4 ram6 ram8 sda sdc loop1 loop3 loop5 loop7 ram1 ram11 ram13 ram15 ram3 ram5 ram7 ram9 sdb sr0
try to detect if it is a mechanical hard-disk
cat /sys/block/sda/queue/rotational
1
ok.
cat /sys/block/ram1/queue/rotational
1
weird ...
( failing on kernel 3.0.0-12-server )
Is there another simple and most reliable test ?