Encountering qtpy.QtBindingsNotFoundError when running an EXE generated by Pyinstaller

Summary

I am generating an EXE for a Python project using Pyinstaller.

I am using Powershell on Windows 11 and a Python 3.11 in a Poetry virtual environment.

I keep encountering the following error when running the EXE:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "main.py", line 7, in <module>
    import qtmodern.styles
  File "pyimod02_importers.py", line 457, in exec_module
  File "qtmodern\styles.py", line 3, in <module>
  File "pyimod02_importers.py", line 457, in exec_module
  File "qtpy\__init__.py", line 293, in <module>
qtpy.QtBindingsNotFoundError: No Qt bindings could be found
[PYI-44852:ERROR] Failed to execute script 'main' due to unhandled exception!

I have tried multiple things and none has worked so far. I would very much appreciate any advice on what to try next.

Code

I use this command to generate an EXE:

poetry run pyinstaller main.spec --clean

I use the following files:

#main.spec
# -*- mode: python ; coding: utf-8 -*-

a = Analysis(
    ['main.py'],
    pathex=['fullpathonmypc\\.venv\\Lib\\site-packages'],
    binaries=[],
    datas=[],
    hiddenimports= ["qtmodern", "qtmodern.styles", "qtmodern.windows",
    "qtpy", "qtpy.QtCore", "qtpy.QtGui", "qtpy.QtWidgets",
    "PyQt6.QtCore", "PyQt6.QtGui", "PyQt6.QtWidgets",
    "PyQt6.QtPrintSupport", "PyQt6.QtSvg", "PyQt6.QtOpenGL", "event_connector", "numpy"],
    hookspath=[],
    hooksconfig={},
    runtime_hooks=[],
    excludes=['PySide6'],
    noarchive=False,
    optimize=0,
)
pyz = PYZ(a.pure)

exe = EXE(
    pyz,
    a.scripts,
    [],
    exclude_binaries=True,
    name='main',
    debug=False,
    bootloader_ignore_signals=False,
    strip=False,
    upx=True,
    console=True,
    disable_windowed_traceback=False,
    argv_emulation=False,
    target_arch=None,
    codesign_identity=None,
    entitlements_file=None,
)
coll = COLLECT(
    exe,
    a.binaries,
    a.datas,
    strip=False,
    upx=True,
    upx_exclude=[],
    name='main',
)

#hooks\hook-qtmodern.py
from PyInstaller.utils.hooks import collect_submodules
hiddenimports = collect_submodules("qtmodern")

#hooks\hook-qtpy.py
from PyInstaller.utils.hooks import collect_submodules
hiddenimports = collect_submodules("qtpy")

Previous troubleshooting

1. Added everying that seemed relevant to the hiddenimports list in main.spec
2. Created hooks\hook-qtpy.py
3. Added the line os.environ["QT_API"] = "pyqt6" before the line that triggers the error in main.py. The only imports before it are sys, shutil and os
4. Ran poetry run python -c "import qtpy; import PyQt6; print(qtpy.API_NAME)" from within the virtual environment and confirmed it did print "PyQt6"
5. Added collect_dynamic_libs("PyQt6") to main.spec’s binaries list
6. Removed it because it threw ValueError: not enough values to unpack (expected 2, got 0) when trying to generate the EXE
7. Ran pyi-archive_viewer main.exe and confirmed that PyQt6 was bundled
8. Did more research and found a page from Qt for Python’s documentation indicating that "As of March 2021, Qt 6 is not supported yet. PyInstaller is unable to properly deploy Qt; the Qt plugins are not copied. With that, using --onefile is not possible."
9. Generated a new main.spec by running Pyinstaller on main.py with the --clean option and without the --onefile option
10. Added the previous hiddenmodules, pathex, hookspath and excludes into the new main.spec
11. Gave ChatGPT a list of the things I tried and asked for advice
12. Followed ChatGPT’s advice to add collect_data_files("PyQt6") to main.spec’s datas
13. Removed collect_data_files("PyQt6") because Pyinstaller threw ValueError: not enough values to unpack (expected 2, got 0) when trying to generate the EXE
14. Followed ChatGPT’s advice to add collect_submodules("qtpy") + collect_submodules("PyQt6") to main.spec’s hiddenimports list