How to Create Conditional BelongsTo Relationships in Laravel Models?

Question

I need to set up conditional belongsTo relationships. Specifically, I have ModelA that can belong to either ModelB or ModelC based on a column value (related_id). For example, if related_id is 1, it should relate to ModelB; if it's 2, it should relate to ModelC. The relationships are stored in the same field. Here's a simplified version of what I'm trying to achieve:

namespace App\Models;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\BelongsTo;

class ModelA extends Model
{
    public function modelB(): BelongsTo
    {
        return $this->belongsTo(ModelB::class, 'related_id', 'id');
    }

    public function modelC(): BelongsTo
    {
        return $this->belongsTo(ModelC::class, 'related_id', 'id');
    }
}

I want to be able to load the correct relationship dynamically based on the value of related_id without having to use conditional logic in my repositories or elsewhere. Is there a way to handle this directly within the model?

I tried using where directly in the belongsTo method, but it didn't work as expected

What is core logic ?if related_id is odd you will relate to ModelB & if it is even then it will relate to ModelC. ritgh? — Subha
– Subha, Commented Jun 13, 2024 at 10:59

Abdelfattah Omar · Accepted Answer · 2024-06-13 09:44:11Z

0

I think it is better in this case to use Polymorphic one to many relationship.

Your ModelA Table should contains those columns:

modelable_id - integer
modelable_type - string

Your model will be like that:

namespace App\Models;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\BelongsTo;

class ModelA extends Model
{
     public function ModelAable(): MorphTo
    {
        return $this->morphTo();
    }
 }

You can see laravel docs for more details on how to apply it: https://laravel.com/docs/11.x/eloquent-relationships#one-to-many-polymorphic-relations

answered Jun 13, 2024 at 9:44

Abdelfattah Omar

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