Generating HTML Form from database using PHP

I'm building a basic website that will offer a quiz dynamically generated from a MySQL database. Based on my current database schema, I'm having trouble understanding how I will generate the 'choices' to different questions in a Quiz Web App.

Here is the database schema:

CREATE TABLE user (
    user_id INT UNSIGNED PRIMARY KEY,
    username VARCHAR(32) NOT NULL UNIQUE,
    password VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL,
    ...
) Engine=InnoDB;

CREATE TABLE quiz (
    quiz_id INT UNSIGNED PRIMARY KEY,
    title VARCHAR(64)
) Engine=InnoDB;

CREATE TABLE question (
    question_id INT UNSIGNED PRIMARY KEY,
    quiz_id INT UNSIGNED NOT NULL,
    question VARCHAR(1024),
    FOREIGN KEY (quiz_id) REFERENCES quiz (quiz_id)
) Engine=InnoDB;

CREATE TABLE question_choices (
    choice_id INT UNSIGNED PRIMARY KEY,
    question_id INT UNSIGNED NOT NULL,
    is_correct_choice TINYINT(1),
    choice VARCHAR(512),
    FOREIGN KEY (question_id) REFERENCES question (question_id)
) Engine=InnoDB;

CREATE TABLE quiz_response (
    response_id INT UNSIGNED PRIMARY KEY,
    user_id INT UNSIGNED NOT NULL,
    question_id INT UNSIGNED NOT NULL,
    response INT UNSIGNED NOT NULL,
    is_correct TINYINT(1),
    answer_time FLOAT,
    UNIQUE KEY (user_id, question_id)
    FOREIGN KEY (user_id) REFERENCES user (user_id),
    FOREIGN KEY (question_id) REFERENCES question (question_id),
    FOREIGN KEY (response) REFERENCES question_choices (choice_id),
) Engine=InnoDB;

Here is the code I have produced so far in my quiz.php script:

// If this user has never taken this quiz, insert empty responses into the quiz_response table
    $query = "SELECT * FROM quiz_response WHERE user_id = '" . $_SESSION['user_id'] . "'";
    $data = mysqli_query($dbc, $query);
    if (mysqli_num_rows($data) == 0) {
        //First grab the list of questions to create empty responses
        //Grab all questions from question table
        //Rework code in the future to accommodate multiple quizes
        $query = "SELECT question_id from question";
        $data = mysqli_query($data, $query);
        $questionIDs = array();
        while ($row = mysqli_fetch_array($data)) {
            array_push($questionIDs, $row['question_id']);
        }

        // Insert empty response rows into the response table, one row per question
        foreach ($questionIDs as $question_id) {
            $query = "INSERT INTO quiz_response (user_id, question_id) VALUES ('" . $_SESSION['user_id']. "', '$question_id')";
            mysqli_query($dbc, $query);
        }   
    }

    // If the quiz form has been submitted, write the form responses to the database
    if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
        // Write the quiz response rows to the response table
        foreach ($_POST as $response_id => $response) {
            $query = "UPDATE quiz_response SET response = '$response' WHERE response_id = '$response_id'";
            mysqli_query($dbc, $query);
        }
        echo '<p>Your responses have been saved.</p>
    }

    // Grab the response data from the database to generate the form
    $query = "SELECT qr.response_id, qr.question_id, qr.response, q.question, quiz.quiz " . 
        "FROM quiz_response AS qr " . 
        "INNER JOIN question AS q USING (question_id) " . 
        "INNER JOIN quiz USING (quiz_id) " . 
        "WHERE qr.user_id = '" . $_SESSION['user_id'] . "'";
    $data = mysqli_query($dbc, $query);
    $responses = array();
    while ($row = mysqli_fetch_array($data)) {
        // Pull up the choices for each question
        $query2 = "SELECT choice_id, choice FROM question_choice " . 
            "WHERE question_id = '" . $row['question_id'] . "'";
        $data2 = mysqli_query($dbc, $query2);
        $choices = array();
        while ($row2 = mysqli_fetch_array($data2)) {
            array_push($choices, $row2);
        }
        // Rename choices 




        // Eventually push choices into $responses array
        // array_push($responses, $row);
    }

    mysqli_close($dbc);

    // Generate the quiz form by looping through the response array
    echo '<form method="post" action="' . $_SERVER['PHP_SELF'] . '">';
    echo '<h2>' . $page_title . '</h2>';
    $question_title = $responses[0]['question'];
    echo '<label for="' . $responses[0][response_id'] . '">' . $responses[0]['question'] . '</label><br />';
    foreach ($responses as $response) {
        // Only start a new question if the question changes
        if ($question_title != $response['question']) {
            $question_title = $response['question'];
            echo '<br /><label for="' . $response['response_id'] . '">' . $response['question'] . '</label><br />';
        }
        // Display the choices
        // Choice 1
        // Choice 2
        // Choice 3
        // Choice 4


    }
    echo '<br /><br />';
    echo '<input type="submit" value="Grade Me!" name="submit" />';
    echo '</form>';

I'm having trouble pulling the choice options out of the question_choice table and using them to populate the form. Can I put the choice_id and choice columns into the $responses array and access them in the generating form section without renaming them? At this point I feel I need to rename. Any help would be greatly appreciated!