How to convert hex string to integer in Python?

Use int() and provide the base which your number is in (in your case 16).
Then apply str() to convert it back to a string:

y = str(int(x, 16))

Note: If you omit the base then the default base 10 is used which would result in a ValueError in your case.

>>> int("0x000000001", 16)
1

Python 2.7 have a problem to convert hex from read binary file

Python 3 not have this problem

f=open(file_name,'rb')
raw = f.read()

print int(raw[6])    #error invalid literal for int with base 10:
print ord(raw[6])    #Work

you can do:

y = int(x, 0)  # '0' ;python intepret x according to string 'x'.

In the offical documentation, it is explained as "If base is zero, the proper radix is determined based on the contents of the string;"