I'm developing a website based on WordPress source code through XAMPP. Sometimes I change the CSS code, scripts or something else and I notice my browser takes time to apply the modifications. This leads me to use multiple browsers to refresh one and if it doesn't apply the new styles I try the second one and it's always this.
There is some way of avoiding this problem?
Sometimes I'm changing code without noticing the previous modifications.
Pressing Ctrl + F5 (or Ctrl + Shift + R) to force a cache reload. I believe Macs use Cmd + Shift + R.
In PHP, you can disable the cache by setting the expiration date to a time in the past with headers:
header("Expires: Tue, 01 Jan 2000 00:00:00 GMT");
header("Last-Modified: " . gmdate("D, d M Y H:i:s") . " GMT");
header("Cache-Control: no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate, max-age=0");
header("Cache-Control: post-check=0, pre-check=0", false);
header("Pragma: no-cache");
Chrome's cache can be disabled by opening the developer tools with F12, clicking on the gear icon in the lower right corner and selecting Disable cache in the settings dialog, like this:
Image taken from this answer.
Type about:config into the URL bar then find the entry titled network.http.use-cache. Set this to false.
If you want to avoid that on client side you can add something like ?v=1.x to css file link, when the file content is changed. for example if there was <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css-file-name.css"> you can change it to <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css-file-name.css?v=1.1"> this will bypass caching.
Check this: How Do I Force the Browser to Use the Newest Version of my Stylesheet?
Assumming your css file is foo.css, you can force the client to use the latest version by appending a query string as shown below.
<link rel="stylesheet" href="foo.css?v=1.1">
If you can write php, you can write:
<script src="foo.js<?php echo '?'.mt_rand(); ?>" ></script>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="foo.css<?php echo '?'.mt_rand(); ?>" />
<img src="foo.png<?php echo '?'.mt_rand(); ?>" />
It will always refresh!
EDIT: Of course, it's not really practical for a whole website, since you would not add this manually for everything.
Developer point of view
If you are in development mode (like in the original question), the best approach is to disable caching in the browser via HTML meta tags. To make this approach universal you must insert at least three meta tags as shown below.
<meta http-equiv="Cache-Control" content="no-cache, no-store, must-revalidate" />
<meta http-equiv="Pragma" content="no-cache" />
<meta http-equiv="Expires" content="0" />
In this way, you as a developer, only need to refresh the page to see the changes. But do not forget to comment that code when in production, after all caching is a good thing for your clients.
Production Mode
Because in production you will allow caching and your clients do not need to know how to force a full reload or any other trick, you must warranty the browser will load the new file.
And yes, in this case, the best approach I know is to change the name of the file.
<script src="foo.js?<?php echo date('YmdHis',filemtime('foo.js'));?>"></script>
It will refresh if modify.
And I didn't see anyone going to the answer. Here is simple trick to get the external css loaded each time
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/myExternalCss.css?<?=time()?>">
You can use the Firefox/Chrome developer toolbar:
Make sure this isn't happening from your DNS. For example Cloudflare has it where you can turn on development mode where it forces a purge on your stylesheets and images as Cloudflare offers accelerated cache. This will disable it and force it to update everytime someone visits your site.
You can turn off caching with Firefox's web developer toolbar.
The accepted answer above is correct. If, however, you only want to reload the cache periodically, and you are using Firefox, the Web Developer tools (under the Tools menu item as of November 2015) provides a Network option. This includes a Reload button. Select the Reload for a once off cache reset.
In stead of link-tag in html-head to external css file, use php-include:
<style>
<?php
include("style.css");
?>
</style>
Kind of hack, but works for me :)
I have decided that since browsers do not check for new versions of css and js files, I rename my css and js directories whenever I make a change. I use css1 to css9 and js1 to js9 as the directory names. When I get to 9, I next start over at 1. It is a pain, but it works perfectly every time. It is ridiculous to have to tell users to type .
I have a case, where I need to be able to create and change my stylesheets remotely affecting thousands of clients, but due to risk of heavy network load, I'm not turning off cache.
Since I can change the HTML contents remotely, I then link the stylesheet with a hashcode matching the contents of the stylesheet.
https://example.com/contents/stylesheetctrl?id=12345&hash=-1456405808
That said, I also use a client-side javascript function to carefully replace nodes and attributes when HTML contents change, meaning the stylesheet link tag will not be replaced, only the href attribute will change.
This scenario works fine in Chrome, Firefox and Edge on Windows, also Chrome on Android, but doesn't always work in webclients on Android to my surprise. So I'm more or less looking for something to force/trigger the update using javascript - optimally without needing to reload the page.
This Firefox extension was the only solution I could get to work: https://addons.mozilla.org/en-us/firefox/addon/css-reloader/
Try clearing your browsers cache.
Try this:
link href="styles/style.css?=time()" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"
If you need something after the '?' that is different every time the page is accessed then the time() will do it. Leaving this in your code permanently is not really a good idea since it will only slow down page loading and probably isn't necessary.
I've found that forcing a style sheet refresh is helpful if you've made extensive changes to a page's layout and accessing the new style sheet is vital to having something sensible appear on the screen.
