I am trying to test some code in R, but it keeps giving me an error that the tilde key (~) is an unexpected symbol?
Is there something that can be done to fix this?
This was one of the codes I was trying to run:
# kNN
set.seed(123)
fit.knn <- train(job permanency~., data=dataset, method="knn", metric=metric, preProc=c("permanency rate", "job skills"), trControl=control)
and I get the following error
Error: unexpected symbol in "fit.knn <- train(job permanency"
This actually has nothing to do with the tilde operator. The unexpected symbol is the second word in what is presumed to be a syntactically invalid column name. If job permanency is the name of a column, you will need backticks around it because it is a non-standard name. Try using
train(`job permanency` ~ ., ...)
But in general I would recommend using standard naming conventions (i.e. without spaces). You can convert your current names to syntactically valid names with
names(dataset) <- make.names(names(dataset))
job permanency will become job.permanency, and backticks will no longer be required.