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This is driving me seriously crazy:

$ doas lsmod | fgrep raid | fgrep ' 0'
raid10                 73728  0
raid456               192512  0
raid1                  57344  0
raid0                  24576  0

even though:

  • none of my filesystems or swaps is on RAID
  • I don't use btrfs or such that may need RAID functionality implicitly
  • I see no udev rules or systemd units directly loading these

There are some udev rules related to lvm mentioning RAID in their comments ... but lvm is disabled in systemd

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    Perhaps they are being built into initrd via dracut. If they are loaded early, then that is what I would look at. Commented Apr 1, 2024 at 10:13
  • @Bib they are definitely in the early userspace image. This is an ubuntu derived system, so using initramfs-tools. I can see they are there with lsinitramfs. But that by itself doesn't explain why they're loaded. Maybe I have found the answer, though -- I also see that one of the boot scripts in the initramfs runs mdadm, and I guess mdadm is capable of loading these modules unconditionally to do its job. Commented Apr 2, 2024 at 17:27

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