According to MySQL manual
You should NOT set this variable to 0
if you are running MySQL on a system
that has case-insensitive file names
(such as Windows or Mac OS X). If
you set this variable to 0 on such a
system and access MyISAM tablenames
using different lettercases, index
corruption may result. On Windows the
default value is 1. On Mac OS X, the
default value is 2.
MySQL: Identifier Case Sensitivity
In MySQL, databases correspond to
directories within the data directory.
Each table within a database
corresponds to at least one file
within the database directory (and
possibly more, depending on the
storage engine). Consequently, the
case sensitivity of the underlying
operating system plays a part in the
case sensitivity of database and table
names. This means database and table
names are not case sensitive in
Windows, and case sensitive in most
varieties of Unix. One notable
exception is Mac OS X, which is
Unix-based but uses a default file
system type (HFS+) that is not case
sensitive.
more
By default, table aliases are case
sensitive on Unix, but not so on
Windows or Mac OS X.
That means, on Linux servers (Unix) table/column name "Test" is not equal with "test", "TEST", "tESt", etc. by default.