Try:
function myFunction() {
var ss = SpreadsheetApp.getActiveSpreadsheet();
var sheets = ss.getSheets();
var allSheets = [];
// Append more names if you want to exclude more
// Since 'query' is master sheet, excluded it as well
// Remove 'query' below if you want to include it in the formula
var excludedTabs = ['other', 'random', 'query'];
sheets.forEach(function (sheet){
var sheetName = sheet.getSheetName();
if (!excludedTabs.includes(sheetName)){
allSheets.push(sheetName);
}
});
// Set formula in A1 cell in "query" sheet
// Modify A1 to change the cell
var cell = ss.getSheetByName('query').getRange("A1");
cell.setFormula("=QUERY({" + allSheets.join('!AR5:AU;') + "!AR5:AU}, \"select Col1,Col2,Col3,Col4 where Col1 is not null order by Col1\", 0)");
}
This will set the formula to A1 of the sheet query, feel free to change where to set the formula by changing A1 and query.
You can also add sheets to be excluded. Append it on the excludedTabs array.
Sample Output:

Sample sheets were added to check the new sheet cases.
Expected formula was added. (excluding query, random and other sheets)