You can't do it that way; static finds the URL corresponding to that file and pastes it in there, but the file itself isn't read or processed by Django's templating engine. You need to use inline JavaScript rather than Java Script in a different file; since JS variables are global, that could be just a short blurb that registers the variable, and the rest can be done in a separate file loaded later:
(html here)
<script>
var a = {{ c }}
</script>
(more html)
Just be aware of XSS vulnerabilities- do NOT let the c variable be just anything a user can input! Make it something that isn't derived from user input at all, or clean and validate the input.