h2 database in PostgreSQL mode does not accept PostgreSQL SQL syntax

Question

Here is my h2 database url (I am using h2 database in in-memory-embedded mode. Also I mentioned that mode is PostgreSQL):

database.url=jdbc\:h2\:mem\:test;MODE\=PostgreSQL;DB_CLOSE_DELAY\=-1

So, I expect H2 database to execute SQL statements that confirm to PostgreSQL database. Here is an example:

CREATE TABLE audit_entries (
    id bigint NOT NULL,
    "time" timestamp without time zone NOT NULL,
    message_id character varying(255) NOT NULL,
    user_id character varying(255)
);

I am getting following error when I run my integration tests that use h2db:

> SQL State  : 42001
Error Code : 42001
Message    : Syntax error in SQL statement "CREATE TABLE AUDIT_ARGUMENTS (
    ENTRY_ID BIGINT NOT NULL,
    STRING_VALUE CHARACTER VARYING(255),
    NUMBER_VALUE DOUBLE PRECISION,
    TIMESTAMP_VALUE TIMESTAMP WITHOUT[*] TIME ZONE,
    ARG_INDEX INTEGER NOT NULL
) "; expected "WITH, (, FOR, UNSIGNED, INVISIBLE, VISIBLE, NOT, NULL, AS, DEFAULT, GENERATED, NOT, NULL, AUTO_INCREMENT, BIGSERIAL, SERIAL, IDENTITY, NULL_TO_DEFAULT, SEQUENCE, SELECTIVITY, COMMENT, CONSTRAINT, PRIMARY, UNIQUE, NOT, NULL, CHECK, REFERENCES, ,, )"; SQL statement:
CREATE TABLE audit_arguments (
    entry_id bigint NOT NULL,
    string_value character varying(255),
    number_value double precision,
    timestamp_value timestamp without time zone,
    arg_index integer NOT NULL
) [42001-195]
Location   : upgrade/postgresql/V1_0_0__initial.sql (/Users/<user>/Documents/<productname>/target/resources/main/upgrade/postgresql/V1_0_0__initial.sql)
Line       : 70
Statement  : CREATE TABLE audit_arguments (
    entry_id bigint NOT NULL,
    string_value character varying(255),
    number_value double precision,
    timestamp_value timestamp without time zone,
    arg_index integer NOT NULL
)

    at com.<company-name>.database.Upgrades.upgrade(Upgrades.java:161) ~[main/:na]
    at com.<company-name>.t1.WebAppMain.upgrade(WebAppMain.java:336) [main/:na]
    at com.<company-name>.t1.WebAppMain.start(WebAppMain.java:169) [main/:na]
    at com.<company-name>.t1.WebAppMain.contextInitialized(WebAppMain.java:151) [main/:na]
    at org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.ContextHandler.callContextInitialized(ContextHandler.java:800) [jetty-server-9.2.15.v20160210.jar:9.2.15.v20160210]
    at org.eclipse.jetty.servlet.ServletContextHandler.callContextInitialized(ServletContextHandler.java:444) [jetty-servlet-9.2.15.v20160210.jar:9.2.15.v20160210]
    at org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.ContextHandler.startContext(ContextHandler.java:791) [jetty-server-9.2.15.v20160210.jar:9.2.15.v20160210]
    at org.eclipse.jetty.servlet.ServletContextHandler.startContext(ServletContextHandler.java:294) [jetty-servlet-9.2.15.v20160210.jar:9.2.15.v20160210]
    at org.eclipse.jetty.webapp.WebAppContext.startWebapp(WebAppContext.java:1349) [jetty-webapp-9.2.15.v20160210.jar:9.2.15.v20160210]
    at org.eclipse.jetty.webapp.WebAppContext.startContext(WebAppContext.java:1342) [jetty-webapp-9.2.15.v20160210.jar:9.2.15.v20160210]
    at org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.ContextHandler.doStart(ContextHandler.java:741) [jetty-server-9.2.15.v20160210.jar:9.2.15.v20160210]
    at org.eclipse.jetty.webapp.WebAppContext.doStart(WebAppContext.java:505) [jetty-webapp-9.2.15.v20160210.jar:9.2.15.v20160210]
    at org.akhikhl.gretty.JettyWebAppContext.super$10$doStart(JettyWebAppContext.groovy) [gretty-runner-jetty9-1.4.0.jar:na]
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[na:1.8.0_111]
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) ~[na:1.8.0_111]
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) ~[na:1.8.0_111]
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498) ~[na:1.8.0_111]
    at org.codehaus.groovy.reflection.CachedMethod.invoke(CachedMethod.java:93) [groovy-2.4.5.jar:2.4.5]
    at groovy.lang.MetaMethod.doMethodInvoke(MetaMethod.java:325) [groovy-2.4.5.jar:2.4.5]
    at groovy.lang.MetaClassImpl.invokeMethod(MetaClassImpl.java:1210) [groovy-2.4.5.jar:2.4.5]
    at org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.ScriptBytecodeAdapter.invokeMethodOnSuperN(ScriptBytecodeAdapter.java:132) [groovy-2.4.5.jar:2.4.5]
    at org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.ScriptBytecodeAdapter.invokeMethodOnSuper0(ScriptBytecodeAdapter.java:152) [groovy-2.4.5.jar:2.4.5]
    at org.akhikhl.gretty.JettyWebAppContext.doStart(JettyWebAppContext.groovy:44) [gretty-runner-jetty9-1.4.0.jar:na]
    at org.eclipse.jetty.util.component.AbstractLifeCycle.start(AbstractLifeCycle.java:68) [jetty-util-9.2.15.v20160210.jar:9.2.15.v20160210]
    at org.eclipse.jetty.util.component.ContainerLifeCycle.start(ContainerLifeCycle.java:132) [jetty-util-9.2.15.v20160210.jar:9.2.15.v20160210]
    at org.eclipse.jetty.util.component.ContainerLifeCycle.doStart(ContainerLifeCycle.java:114) [jetty-util-9.2.15.v20160210.jar:9.2.15.v20160210]
    at org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.AbstractHandler.doStart(AbstractHandler.java:61) [jetty-server-9.2.15.v20160210.jar:9.2.15.v20160210]
    at org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.ContextHandlerCollection.doStart(ContextHandlerCollection.java:163) [jetty-server-9.2.15.v20160210.jar:9.2.15.v20160210]
    at org.eclipse.jetty.util.component.AbstractLifeCycle.start(AbstractLifeCycle.java:68) [jetty-util-9.2.15.v20160210.jar:9.2.15.v20160210]
    at org.eclipse.jetty.util.component.ContainerLifeCycle.start(ContainerLifeCycle.java:132) [jetty-util-9.2.15.v20160210.jar:9.2.15.v20160210]
    at org.eclipse.jetty.server.Server.start(Server.java:387) [jetty-server-9.2.15.v20160210.jar:9.2.15.v20160210]
    at org.eclipse.jetty.util.component.ContainerLifeCycle.doStart(ContainerLifeCycle.java:114) [jetty-util-9.2.15.v20160210.jar:9.2.15.v20160210]
    at org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.AbstractHandler.doStart(AbstractHandler.java:61) [jetty-server-9.2.15.v20160210.jar:9.2.15.v20160210]
    at org.eclipse.jetty.server.Server.doStart(Server.java:354) [jetty-server-9.2.15.v20160210.jar:9.2.15.v20160210]
    at org.eclipse.jetty.util.component.AbstractLifeCycle.start(AbstractLifeCycle.java:68) [jetty-util-9.2.15.v20160210.jar:9.2.15.v20160210]
    at org.eclipse.jetty.util.component.LifeCycle$start$0.call(Unknown Source) [jetty-util-9.2.15.v20160210.jar:9.2.15.v20160210]
    at org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.callsite.CallSiteArray.defaultCall(CallSiteArray.java:48) [groovy-2.4.5.jar:2.4.5]
    at org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.callsite.AbstractCallSite.call(AbstractCallSite.java:113) [groovy-2.4.5.jar:2.4.5]
    at org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.callsite.AbstractCallSite.call(AbstractCallSite.java:117) [groovy-2.4.5.jar:2.4.5]
    at org.akhikhl.gretty.JettyServerManager.startServer(JettyServerManager.groovy:45) [gretty-runner-jetty-1.4.0.jar:na]
    at org.akhikhl.gretty.ServerManager$startServer$0.call(Unknown Source) [gretty-runner-1.4.0.jar:na]
    at org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.callsite.CallSiteArray.defaultCall(CallSiteArray.java:48) [groovy-2.4.5.jar:2.4.5]
    at org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.callsite.AbstractCallSite.call(AbstractCallSite.java:113) [groovy-2.4.5.jar:2.4.5]
    at org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.callsite.AbstractCallSite.call(AbstractCallSite.java:125) [groovy-2.4.5.jar:2.4.5]
    at org.akhikhl.gretty.Runner.run(Runner.groovy:117) [gretty-runner-1.4.0.jar:na]
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[na:1.8.0_111]
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) ~[na:1.8.0_111]
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) ~[na:1.8.0_111]
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498) ~[na:1.8.0_111]
    at org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.callsite.PogoMetaMethodSite$PogoCachedMethodSiteNoUnwrapNoCoerce.invoke(PogoMetaMethodSite.java:210) [groovy-2.4.5.jar:2.4.5]
    at org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.callsite.PogoMetaMethodSite.call(PogoMetaMethodSite.java:71) [groovy-2.4.5.jar:2.4.5]
    at org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.callsite.CallSiteArray.defaultCall(CallSiteArray.java:48) [groovy-2.4.5.jar:2.4.5]
    at org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.callsite.AbstractCallSite.call(AbstractCallSite.java:113) [groovy-2.4.5.jar:2.4.5]
    at org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.callsite.AbstractCallSite.call(AbstractCallSite.java:117) [groovy-2.4.5.jar:2.4.5]
    at org.akhikhl.gretty.Runner.main(Runner.groovy:44) [gretty-runner-1.4.0.jar:na]

H2 tries to emulate PostgreSQL, but it is not PostgreSQL. Some details of syntax may vary. The error message is spectacularly useless so it's hard to say exactly what it's complaining about, maybe the "timestamp without time zone"? Try just "timestamp" . — Craig Ringer
– Craig Ringer, Commented Jul 6, 2017 at 1:23
From the H2 doc on error codes: The [*] marks the position of the syntax error In this case, "WITHOUT" is indeed the offending keyword. — Zephyr
– Zephyr, Commented Jan 22, 2019 at 15:20

BioQwer · Accepted Answer · 2018-03-01 12:05:14Z

1

As @craig-ringer said in comments

H2 tries to emulate PostgreSQL, but it is not PostgreSQL. Some details of syntax may vary. The error message is spectacularly useless so it's hard to say exactly what it's complaining about, maybe the "timestamp without time zone"? Try just "timestamp"

"timestamp without time zone"-> "timestamp"

This is work for me

answered Mar 1, 2018 at 12:05

BioQwer

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