def out():
var1 = "abc"
print(var1)
def inner():
var2 = "def"
I want to call only "Inner" function... the final output should print only var2 not var1...
Thank you in advance
3 Answers
If you don't want to run some part of the function 'out' you could use parameters.
def out(choice=True):
if choice :
var1 = "abc"
print(var1)
else :
def inner():
var2 = "def"
print(var2)
inner()
Comments
You will not be able to call inner from outside the out function, since inner is only defined inside out, unless you create a reference to inner from outside the out function. In addition, inner is not outputting anything since it does not have a print statement.
To combat this, you have two options:
- Place
innerin a broader scope (i.e. outsideout) and add to it aprint(var1)statement. - If it is required to have the
innerfunction be insideoutthen just returninneras a closure fromout, with the print statement also insideinner; or just call it from insideout. This has a side-effect of also executing whatever statements are insideoutup to returning the closure.
1 Comment
timgeb
"You will not be able to call inner from outside the out function" <- Well technically it is possible to force the outer function to create a reference to the inner function in
globals() on its first call. It's just not something you ever want to do.The method your trying is called as nested functions:
You can chek this answer for information about nested function in Python.
Some other information about closure
Another method is,
def fun1():
x = 11
def fun2(a=a):
print x
fun2()
fun1()
Output:
prints 11
Example 2:
def f1(x):
def add(y):
return x + y
return add
res = f1(5)
print(res(10)) # prints 15
2 Comments
alanf
Your first example is wrong. It gives an error saying a is undefined. Also, a colon is needed at the end of 'def fun2(a=a)'.
danglingpointer
I missed the colon didnt notice that.. Would you provide the logs of undefined, I explained here the usage of inner functions in python.
inner()and add aprintcall forvar2. This is unrelated to django and tkinter btw.var2to be printed when you have noprint(var2)? How do you want to call the function if you don't even return it in any way? Please, clarify your question.