TypeError with HTML escaping in python3

Question

I try to html escape a string

from html import escape
project_name_unescaped = Project.get('name').encode('utf-8')
project_name = escape(project_name_unescaped)

I get the following error

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "hosts.py", line 70, in <module>
     project_name = escape(bytes(project_name_unescaped))
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python3/3.5.1/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5/html/__init__.py", line 19, in escape
    s = s.replace("&", "&amp;") # Must be done first!
 TypeError: a bytes-like object is required, not 'str'

I also tried it with the following, but still have the same error

project_name = escape(bytes(project_name_unescaped))

The strange thing is, I'm pretty sure this had worked before. Any ideas whats wrong or what I need to change to make it work again? Also I tried it before with

from cgi import escape

pacholik · Accepted Answer · 2016-02-04 11:57:02Z

1

The error message is a little confusing. html.escape expects s to be str, not bytes as you would expect from the message.

Remove all encoding-related stuff and it will work

from html import escape
project_name_unescaped = Project.get('name')
project_name = escape(project_name_unescaped)

answered Feb 4, 2016 at 11:57

pacholik

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3 Comments

Andreas Hubert Over a year ago

thanks that helped. I just wondered, because before I had to add the encoding as else it would fail without it. Maybe that was for python2 the case.

pacholik Over a year ago

Well, yes, Python 3 changed string representations. But hard to tell, there wasn't even html module in standard library of Python 2.

Andreas Hubert Over a year ago

I used cgi module before, just switched to html recently after I had the issue with python 3.

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