Can I use grep command to look for all the lines in a file that have"abc" in them, but exclude the lines that end in say "xyz"?
Eg grep 'abc' fileName (some way to exclude all lines ending in "xyz")
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4 Answers
Try this:
hzhang@dell-work ~ $ cat sample.csv
abc, xyz
abc,1
abc,2
abc,3,xyz
hzhang@dell-work ~ $ grep abc sample.csv |grep -v "xyz$"
abc,1
abc,2
The explanation of -v:
-v, --invert-match
Invert the sense of matching, to select non-matching lines. (-v is specified by POSIX.)
If you can use awk, just check the patterns:
hzhang@dell-work ~ $ awk '/abc/ && !/xyz$/' sample.csv
abc,1
abc,2
2 Comments
hek2mgl
@Hello I seldom advertise the advantage of my solutions, but have a look at the performance overhead.
sed and awk solutions need to iterate over the file just once while the above grep solution is doing it twice. What if you have 3 or more conditions? Would you iterate over the file so much times? awk '/abc/&&!/xyz$/' is the way to go. You need to get fluent with such simple awk invocations the same as with grep
Haifeng Zhang
glad it helps, as hek2mgl said awk and sed have better performances on solving such problems, and thats why i provide awk solution as well
awk fit's pretty good for such cases:
awk '/abc/ && !/xyz$/' input
use awk! :)
Use two grep commands piped together. The first matches abc, the second removes the ones that end with xyz.
grep abc filename | grep -v 'xyz$'
Comments
check_passwd() {
if [ ! -f ./passwd_copy.txt ]; then
echo "brak pliku passwd_copy.txt, aby utworzyc uruchom skrypt z poleceniem -INIT"
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fi
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"-AUTHOR")
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echo "Grupa szkoleniowa $grupa"
echo "Nazwa skryptu: $0"
;;
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echo "kopia nie ok"
else
echo "kopia ok"
fi
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if [ -z "$2" ]; then
echo "brak ciagu do wyszukania"
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fi
grep "$2" passwd_copy.txt > wynik_$(date +%d-%m-%Y).txt
;;
"-COLUMNS")
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if [ -z "$2" ]; then
echo "Brak numeru kolumny"
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fi
awk -v col="$2" -F: '{print $col}' passwd_copy.txt 1>$2
;;
"-RIGHTS")
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if [ -z "$2" ] || [ -z "$3" ]; then
echo "brak katalogu lub praw"
exit 1
fi
for file in "$2"/*; do
if [ -f "$file" ]; then
chmod "$3" "$file"
echo "zmieniono prawa dla pliku $file"
fi
done
;;
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echo "Możliwe do wpisania parametry to -AUTHOR -INIT -FIND -COLUMNS -RIGHTS"
;;
esac
