fatal error: mpi.h: No such file or directory #include <mpi.h>

Question

when I compile my script with only

#include <mpi.h>

it tells me that there is no such file or directory. But when i include the path to mpi.h as

#include "/usr/include/mpi/mpi.h"

(the path is correct) it returns:

In file included from /usr/include/mpi/mpi.h:2087:0,
                 from lbm.cc:7:
/usr/include/mpi/openmpi/ompi/mpi/cxx/mpicxx.h:35:17: fatal error: mpi.h: No such file or directory
 #include "mpi.h"
                 ^
compilation terminated.

Anyone know how to fix this?

Program using the Message Passing Interface should be compiled by using something like mpicc main.c -o main or mpiCC main.cpp -o main. Is it your case ? Regarding the second message : you may have two implementations of the MPI standards on your computer. You may try to know more by typing which mpicc, which mpirun, mpirun --version or module avail. The implementation (openmpi or mpich2 or...) of compiler command must be the same as the command to execute the program mpirun -np 2 main. — francis
– francis, Commented Nov 13, 2014 at 23:38

GhostCat · Accepted Answer · 2017-08-24 18:43:19Z

63

On my system, I was just missing the Linux package.

sudo apt install libopenmpi-dev
pip install mpi4py

(example of something that uses it that is a good instant test to see if it succeeded)

Succeded.

edited Aug 24, 2017 at 18:43

GhostCat

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answered Aug 24, 2017 at 18:21

Gregory Alan Bolcer

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1 Comment

user30850 Over a year ago

The first line of this solution will also work if you are getting this error while building lammps: $ cmake ../cmake -- Running check for auto-generated files from make-based build system CMake Error in /home/name/lammps-23Jun2022/build/CMakeFiles/CMakeScratch/TryCompile-Iqf2dm/CMakeLists.txt: Imported target "MPI::MPI_CXX" includes non-existent path "/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/openmpi/include" in its INTERFACE_INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES.

Wesley Bland · Accepted Answer · 2014-11-14 02:09:44Z

62

The problem is almost certainly that you're not using the MPI compiler wrappers. Whenever you're compiling an MPI program, you should use the MPI wrappers:

C - mpicc
C++ - mpiCC, mpicxx, mpic++
FORTRAN - mpifort, mpif77, mpif90

These wrappers do all of the dirty work for you of making sure that all of the appropriate compiler flags, libraries, include directories, library directories, etc. are included when you compile your program.

answered Nov 14, 2014 at 2:09

Wesley Bland

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5 Comments

Marc J. Driftmeyer Over a year ago

The conundrum lies in the fact that openmpi does not have MPI wrappers for mpicc, mpicxx, etc.

Wesley Bland Over a year ago

There may be some implementations that don't provide them, but Open MPI isn't one of them. It definitely has at least mpicc and mpicxx and mpifortan.

user391339 Over a year ago

can you explain how to fix this? i am trying to make someone's program and it gives the error in the original post. it is looking for mpi.h. I installed api using apt-get. Still get the same error.

Terry Over a year ago

No info were given as to how to use those wrappers; adding them to the compiler like -mpiCC, installing a wrapper and including it in source file?

Hasnaa Ibraheem Over a year ago

@user391339 and Romario By default your IDE uses cmake or so to compile the .cpp file, right?.. Instead you will use the mpi wrapper (which is simply a compiling/executing command) to compile/execute your program. An example would be: $ mpic++ main.cpp and an example to run your program would be $ mpirun -np 2 a.out

Thomas Fritsch · Accepted Answer · 2018-03-03 12:32:59Z

20

You can execute:

$ mpicc -showme

result :

gcc -I/Users/<USER_NAME>/openmpi-2.0.1/include -L/Users/<USER_NAME>/openmpi-2.0.1/lib -lmp

This command shows you the necessary libraries to compile mpicc

Example:

$ mpicc -g  -I/Users/<USER_NAME>/openmpi-2.0.1/include -o [nameExec] [objetcs.o...] [program.c] -lm


$ mpicc -g  -I/Users/<USER_NAME>/openmpi-2.0.1/include -o example file_object.o my_program.c otherlib.o -lm

this command generates executable with your program in example, you can execute :

$ ./example

edited Mar 3, 2018 at 12:32

Thomas Fritsch

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answered Mar 3, 2018 at 12:03

Bvacavar

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1 Comment

Gilles Gouaillardet Over a year ago

are you suggesting to use the wrappers in order to extract some information and then pass it again to the wrappers ?

user7484492 · Accepted Answer · 2019-01-09 01:30:28Z

9

On my system Ubuntu 16.04. I installed :

sudo apt install libopenmpi-dev

after I used mpiCC to compile and it works

answered Jan 9, 2019 at 1:30

user7484492

Comments

jeremy_rutman · Accepted Answer · 2016-07-17 13:22:56Z

5

As suggested above the inclusion of

/usr/lib/openmpi/include

in the include path takes care of this (in my case)

answered Jul 17, 2016 at 13:22

jeremy_rutman

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1 Comment

Maksim Over a year ago

/usr/lib64/mpi/gcc/openmpi/include/ for OpenSUSE Leap

Marc J. Driftmeyer · Accepted Answer · 2014-12-26 20:09:26Z

3

Debian appears to include the following:

mpiCC.openmpi
mpic++.openmpi
mpicc.openmpi
mpicxx.openmpi
mpif77.openmpi
mpif90.openmpi

I'll test symlinks of each for mpic, etc., and see if that helps the likes of HDF5-openmpi enabled find mpi.h.

Take that back Debian includes symlinks via their alternatives system and it still cannot find the proper paths between HDF5 openmpi packages and mpi.h referenced in the H5public.h header.

answered Dec 26, 2014 at 20:09

Marc J. Driftmeyer

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Comments

Felix · Accepted Answer · 2021-04-07 13:09:07Z

2

On Ubuntu 18.04 I had to install:

sudo apt install lam4-dev

answered Apr 7, 2021 at 13:09

Felix

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1 Comment

Jeff Hammond Over a year ago

Lam in ancient. Don’t use it. Use Open-MPI 3+ or MPICH 3+.

Joel Bodenmann · Accepted Answer · 2019-12-25 17:36:00Z

1

On Fedora:

dnf install openmpi-devel

edited Dec 25, 2019 at 17:36

Joel Bodenmann

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answered Dec 25, 2019 at 16:34

Hung Tran

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Comments

Carlos Noé · Accepted Answer · 2022-05-02 22:23:05Z

1

once you have mpi installed:

$ sudo apt install mpich

see where the library is installed, each case is different:

$ mpicc -show

in my case: (Ubuntu 20.0)

and add...

#include </usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/openmpi/include/openmpi>

:-)

answered May 2, 2022 at 22:23

Carlos Noé

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Comments

jindalab · Accepted Answer · 2023-05-04 03:18:10Z

1

On Ubuntu 20.04, this worked for me:

apt -y install lam-runtime

answered May 4, 2023 at 3:18

jindalab

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yyFred · Accepted Answer · 2022-03-16 00:44:07Z

0

On Mac 12.2, I installed with brew install openmpi. The header file is under /opt/homebrew/Cellar/open-mpi/x.x.x/include.

answered Mar 16, 2022 at 0:44

yyFred

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w.t · Accepted Answer · 2025-03-21 18:07:03Z

0

On CentOS, I had to augment my PATH after installing openmpi3:

$ sudo yum install openmpi3-devel
...
$ export PATH=/usr/lib64/openmpi3/bin/:$PATH
$ mpicc --version
gcc (GCC) ... 
$ pip3 install mpi4py

answered Mar 21 at 18:07

w.t

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