This had me scratching my head for a while. I was unintentionally slicing an array with None and getting something other than an error (I expected an error). Instead, it returns an array with an extra dimension.
>>> import numpy
>>> a = numpy.arange(4).reshape(2,2)
>>> a
array([[0, 1],
[2, 3]])
>>> a[None]
array([[[0, 1],
[2, 3]]])
Is this behavior intentional or a side-effect? If intentional, is there some rationale for it?
Using None is equivalent to using numpy.newaxis, so yes, it's intentional. In fact, they're the same thing, but, of course, newaxis spells it out better.
The newaxis object can be used in all slicing operations to create an axis of length one. newaxis is an alias for ‘None’, and ‘None’ can be used in place of this with the same result.
array[None] == array because I read it as "there is no mask applied". It would also feel more explicit to use something like array.add_axis() or array = np.add_axis(array) than array = array[None].
a[None]is equivalent toa[None, :, :]ora[None, ...]. As with other indexing expressions, trailing slices are added as needed. Thus theNoneby itself, adds a new axis at the start.a[...,None]adds the new axis at the end.