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I have a 1" PVC pipe that outputs a tremendous amount of water (exact rate is hard for me to determine, but the pump it's connected to has a theoretical maximum output of ~1600 GPH) that I need to slow and disperse over a larger exit surface area via some sort of 3d printed part that sockets onto the end of the pipe.

I don't want to overly slow the rate of water exiting the system, but I am somewhat space constrained (I have roughly 8"x4"x4" available to me, but there's a hard wall on one surface of the longer horizontal length). I have also determined that an open pipe or jet will not work.

I've included a picture of the theoretical physical space available to me here: visual representation of the listed dimensions and orientation of the pipe

Is there a common design that I can adapt and print for my specific space?

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  • $\begingroup$ I think just a box or cylinder with holes in it is standard. bigger box, more holes = less spray. $\endgroup$ Commented Nov 11 at 20:38
  • $\begingroup$ @TigerGuy Are there considerations for how thick the walls have to be? My first attempt at this was just cutting a long notch in the PVC pipe, which did not have the intended effect. $\endgroup$ Commented Nov 11 at 21:24
  • $\begingroup$ What makes the open pipe result unsatisfactory? Block in front of where you have too much, directing it toward where you have too little. Also route stresses to where you have supports - the pipe and the wall. $\endgroup$ Commented Nov 12 at 2:23
  • $\begingroup$ @Abel I don't want this to get off topic or become an x/y situation, but I'll explain a little here. This is in an aquarium. That strong of a directed flow of water is not suitable for the size of fish I keep. Blocking the top of the pipe doesn't do enough to slow the water down to a safe speed (and sends it in directions I do not want). $\endgroup$ Commented Nov 12 at 4:34
  • $\begingroup$ What about a simple flow control valve or an accumulator? Either would work to give you the desired effect. You could do some theoretical calculations using DW (Darcy-Weisbach) to size your pipe and sealing needs. Otherwise remember that $( \rho VA)_1 = ( \rho VA)_2$. $\endgroup$ Commented Nov 12 at 11:52

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I suggest a nozzle like that on a watering can.

enter image description here

The increasing diameter of the base slows the speed of the water flow and the nozzle will direct flow as a fan.

Another simple solution is to put a solid disc directly in the water flow. This creates a circular (perpendicular) flow pattern where water flow rate drops off quickly with distance.

Finally, you could make a "swirler". Smoothly increase the diameter of your pipe to about 3", like the bell of a trumpet. This then has a flat cap into which you cut three or four slots. These slots have to be angled in two directions: radially outward and circumferential. This means that the exiting water will swirl around and out. This draws in water from the tank into the motion and so slows the whole down.

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