I want to assign the value of an array dynamically, and when I change the variable the array changes automatically.
var=5
arr=( $\[$var-1\] $var $\[$var+1\] )
echo ${arr\[@\]}
var=10
echo ${arr\[@\]}
result
4 5 6
4 5 6
I wanted
4 5 6
9 10 11
Try something like this:
v1=abc
v2=efd
v3=ghj
arr=( v1 v2 v3 )
for i in ${arr[@]}; { echo ${!i}; }
abc
efd
ghj
Now lets change values of those vars:
v1=123
v2=456
v3=789
$ for i in ${arr[@]}; { echo ${!i}; }
123
456
789
do/done.
; do .. done and thought to myself with despair what kludgy syntax... I've even considered switching to zsh because of this tiny specific feature! You are a true jedi! AND this was answered on my BIRTHDAY! The stars have a aligned :D Aquarius is in the seventh house! This is a sign. hahahahElaborating Ivan's trick and applying get/set "method"-style functions -
[P2759474@sdp-bastion ~]$ cat tst
#! /bin/bash
arr=( v1 v2 v3 )
v1(){ (($1))&& var=$(($1+1)); echo $((var-1)); }
v2(){ (($1))&& var=$1; echo $var; }
v3(){ (($1))&& var=$(($1-1)); echo $((var+1)); }
var=5
for i in ${arr[@]}; { printf "%s=" $i; $i; }
v1 14
for i in ${arr[@]}; { printf "%s=" $i; $i; }
[P2759474@sdp-bastion ~]$ ./tst
v1=4
v2=5
v3=6
14
v1=14
v2=15
v3=16
While such automatic updates are perfectly common in spreadsheet applications, Bash doesn’t work that way. If you want to recalculate a few values based on formulas, you have to explicitly tell Bash to do so. The example below generates the outputs that you expect and defines a function called recalculate that you need to call after changes to the formulas or the formulas’ input variables. The rest of the trick is based around how integer evaluation works in Bash.
recalculate() {
local -n source="$1" target="$2"
target=("${source[@]}")
}
formulas=('var - 1' 'var' 'var + 1')
declare -ai arr
var=5
recalculate formulas arr
echo "${arr[@]}" # 4 5 6
var=10
recalculate formulas arr
echo "${arr[@]}" # 9 10 11
(It would be awesome if Bash had an additional pseudo-signal for the trap command, say assignmenttrap 'echo "variable ${1} set to ${!1}"' assignmenttrap); hence the strikethrough. Without that kind of functionality, a function like recalculate might be the closest you can get to the updates you asked for.)
A slightly more elaborate version of recalculate could also (1) handle sparse arrays of formulas correctly, i.e. guarantee to store results under the same indices under which the corresponding formulas were found, and (2) introduce a “reserved” variable name, say index, which can occur in the formulas with an obvious meaning. Just for fun, “because we can”:
recalculate() {
local -n source="$1" target="$2"
local -i index
target=()
for index in "${!source[@]}"; do
target[index]="${source[index]}"
done
}
formulas[1]='index * var - 1'
formulas[3]='index * var'
formulas[5]='index * var + 1'
declare -ai arr
var=5
recalculate formulas arr
echo "${arr[@]@A}" # declare -ai arr=([1]="4" [3]="15" [5]="26")
var=10
recalculate formulas arr
echo "${arr[@]@A}" # declare -ai arr=([1]="9" [3]="30" [5]="51")
