Compile time checking and where is the main script byte-code is stored in Python?

I'm new to the Python and following multiple online tutorials to learn. One of it is Google for Education.

In the Google's tutorial there is a section:

Code Checked at Runtime

Python does very little checking at compile time, deferring almost all type, name, etc. checks on each line until that line runs. Suppose the above main() calls repeat() like this:

def main():
if name == 'Guido':
    print repeeeet(name) + '!!!'
else:
    print repeat(name)

The if-statement contains an obvious error, where the repeat() function is accidentally typed in as repeeeet(). The funny thing in Python ... this code compiles and runs fine so long as the name at runtime is not 'Guido'. Only when a run actually tries to execute the repeeeet() will it notice that there is no such function and raise an error. This just means that when you first run a Python program, some of the first errors you see will be simple typos like this. This is one area where languages with a more verbose type system, like Java, have an advantage ... they can catch such errors at compile time (but of course you have to maintain all that type information ... it's a tradeoff).

There is a good example of runtime check in that section but no compile time check example.

And I'm interested in knowing about that little checking at compile time.

I can't find anything in the internet regarding that line. Every possible search returns about compiling python scripts and modules like this, this and this.

Edit:

python myscript.py is compiled(otherwise we wont be getting errors) and then interpreted to execute. Then compilation process should definitely produce a code(it might be byte-code). Is that code stored in memory instead of storing it as .pyc in the filesystem?

Edit 2:

For more on why the main script byte code is stored in memory and why modules are compiled can be found here.