Convert Byte Array to Bit Array?

It depends on what you mean by "bit array"... If you mean an instance of the BitArray class, Guffa's answer should work fine.

If you actually want an array of bits, in the form of a bool[] for instance, you could do something like that :

byte[] bytes = ...
bool[] bits = bytes.SelectMany(GetBits).ToArray();

...

IEnumerable<bool> GetBits(byte b)
{
    for(int i = 0; i < 8; i++)
    {
        yield return (b & 0x80) != 0;
        b *= 2;
    }
}

public static byte[] ToByteArray(this BitArray bits)
 {
    int numBytes = bits.Count / 8;
    if (bits.Count % 8 != 0) numBytes++;
    byte[] bytes = new byte[numBytes];
    int byteIndex = 0, bitIndex = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < bits.Count; i++) {
        if (bits[i])
            bytes[byteIndex] |= (byte)(1 << (7 - bitIndex));
        bitIndex++;
        if (bitIndex == 8) {
            bitIndex = 0;
            byteIndex++;
        }
    }
    return bytes;
}

You can use BitArray to create a stream of bits from a byte array. Here an example:

string testMessage = "This is a test message";

byte[] messageBytes = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(testMessage);

BitArray messageBits = new BitArray(messageBytes);

byte number  = 128;
Convert.ToString(number, 2);

=> out: 10000000

public static byte[] ToByteArray(bool[] byteArray)
{
    return = byteArray
               .Select(
                    (val1, idx1) => new { Index = idx1 / 8, Val = (byte)(val1 ? Math.Pow(2, idx1 % 8) : 0) }
                )
                .GroupBy(gb => gb.Index)
                .Select(val2 => (byte)val2.Sum(s => (byte)s.Val))
                .ToArray();
}